Econometrics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Econometrics - Essay Example apple still sells its computer directly to the customers using an online store through various outlets in the worldwide domain (Geweke, Horowitz and Pesaran, 2008). At the same time, Apple stores sell its products via other retail outlets such as the mass-market distributors. By comparison, Apple and accession are almost impact in their size. They also respond to their business challenges using similar market strategies.The two firms are experiencing various significant difficulties in the present market. The death of Steve Jobs especially affects Apples stock return and causes it to decline in its entire economy and financial performance. This is especially true with the sales of personal computers. The accounting practices of Apple Inc. are strongly harmonious with the international standard and give a declining performance in comparison with the Jobs time. The two companies Apple and Gateway show a revenues decline for the years between 2011 and 201 3. Apple declined by 16.7% while Gateway declined by 14.6% from 2012 to 2013.During the fall in revenue for the two companies, Apple managed to reduce its in operation(p) expenditure by 4%. In the event, Apple is operating revenue reduced by 43 % (Angrist & Pischke, 2010). Apple also had positive results from its investments as hale as in the interest income. On the other hand, Gateway experienced negative results in the same aspects. The collective impacts of the different performances were very poor for Gateway as opposed to Apple. Between the year 2011 and 2013 Apple declined in net income by 54.7%.Apple had a momentous operational return as cold as liquidity is concerned. Its quick ratio had doubled. Profitability and Return on Equity increased almost 69 times while its inventory worry increased more than ten times faster. These factors were the driving force for the fundamental financial features and differences.The fundamental factor for the negative developments in Apple after the

Any topic you think is good for my paper Assignment - 2

Any topic you think is good for my paper - Assignment ExampleFor example, of late in the review he says, The scope here is unashamedly novelistic, and although the plotting of the moving pictures first act is arguably muddled, Nolans sheer formal shamelessness means the stakes feel skin-pricklingly high at all times He is not pulling punches, but is saying that while some aspects of the film may not be so good, these are overwhelmed by the style and talent of the director, Christopher Nolan, who is very good. The reviewer uses lively, exciting language throughout which is good because it reflects the play aspect of the film. Overall, the author communicates in a way that makes the reader not only want to keep reading, but also rush out to clear the film.Generally, this is an effective review. It communicates the ideas behind the movie and the manner in which the reviewer is evaluating it. The reviewer is speaking to a broad audience of film-goers. He wants to show that the movie is a fun film that would appeal to most people. He successfully accomplishes this goal.Collin, Robby. Batman The Dark Knight Rises, first review. Daily Telegraph. 16 Jul 2012.

Glondys Rodriguez Naturalistic Observation Essay Example for Free

Glondys Rodriguez Naturalistic Observation EssayMy remark took place in a park where a birthday party was celebrating. I looked at a girl of 6 years old or so. The girl was wearing a pink blouse and white pants. I think she was Hispanic. She was nearly 40 inch tall and weighed around 30 pounds. I could hear when her mom called her Diana. Physical Development For her age, she had a perfect physical development because I could see how she ran with other girls of the same age. She was jumping the string, and playing hides and seeks, so I could tell that the girl was healthy and had good physical development. Cognitive development (Piagets stages) tally to Piagets stages Diana is in preoperational stage because for example, she played with her friends building a sturdy house of plants leaves acting as if it was a princess castle. Also she used branches of the trees as if they were magic wands, so I realized that Diana is in the section of mental representation (Make-believe-play). Another example that I realized was that Dianas mother offered a juice, and gave her a choice of a bottle or a glass and she chose the bottle allowed more amount than the glass. Emotional and Social Development (Eriksons stage)According to Eriksons stages, Diana is in industry versus inferiority because I noticed that she was all the time in cooperation with the other kids. She developed a sense of competence at useful skills and tasks. To support what I say I have an example. She was dancing all the time with the music she liked. She danced with amazing movements. I noticed she had natural skills and tycoon to dance. The girls competed to see who danced better. That moment was incredible because I enjoyed what was happening, and I realized the competitiveness that exists between girls and boys at this age.To conclude, I can say Diana has a good self-esteem. I dont think she felt inferiority at any moment. On the other hand, she looked very safe in all the tasks she developed. Doe s the child light upon the milestones and stages for the physical, cognitive, and social/emotional development? Yes, I think this 6 years old girl meets all the milestones and stages for the physical, cognitive, and social/ emotional development. Is there anything unusual or off-development for this child (deficits as well as giftedness)?There was nothing off-development or unusual for this girl, on the contrary, I think she is very intelligent and talented. My thoughts about observation I think my observation helped me a lot to understand the normal development in middle childhood and to know we should interact, devolve, and support them to achieve the scoop of their abilities. My opinion about what I observed and the application of the theories of development In my opinion, Piagets cognitive development theories and Eriksons psychological theories are an excellent guide to help us understand the stages in normal growth and development.

Interview with a Record Store Owner Essay Example for Free

Interview with a Record Store Owner EssayOn a less then pleasant day the weather was cold and rainy so before I left the safety of my car I glum my collar up to face the cold and made a bee line to the submit so fast it would put Usain Bolt to shame. When I walked in the investment trust I was greeted by the smell of coffee and sound of The bun Stones song Monkey Man playing over the store speakers with the owner of the store joke singing along to the song and throwing his arms up like a monkey. As soon as you walk into the store your face to face with a giant rack of used DVDs ranging from Driving Miss Daisy to the Texas Chainsaw Massacre the store itself is not very big on the left side of the store is a shelf contain records from Abba to Rob Zombie on the right side is a shelf holding the cds. I was immediately welcomed by thaumaturgy who sitting down in behind his cash register with a sign on it that read No Personal Check behind him was a giant poster of Frank Zappa w hich seemed like one of his most prized positions magic had. illusion had on a tie dyed rolling stones shirt sewer had looked tried and he seemed to be discomfort later I found out he looked that way due to having MS.Before john and I stared public lecture I asked if we could take a walk around the store john told me that he is not able to move very well because I turn out Multiple sclerosis so he called for his employee Jack to walk with me and directed Jack to answer questions I have. Jack was tall and in his early 20s ,jack and I walked around the store looking at vinyl radical they had they had seemed to have every record you could ask for and if they didnt have it they could order it for you . I asked jack to rationalise the process of how they value the used records that come in the shop jack pulled a random of the shelf and proceeded to go over the check list firstly we look at the condition of the album sleeve any bends or damage to it second we look for the labeling mono, monophonic, monaural, stereo or stereophonic on the sleeve and record label, which identifies the recording process and helps us determine the value and finally we Evaluate the condition of the record by looking for any patent damage to the vinyl. Jack holds the record up to the light on a slight tilt Look for scratches, record edge nicks or damage to the theme label we have music here for everyones price range after that I thanked jack and retuned to talk to john.When I came back to talk to john he had offered me a cup of coffee I accepted and went on to ask john how long has the store been open john told me that I am the fifth owner of Rainbow Records it first started out in Park Ridge in the mid-1970s. Then the store was moved to Palatine in 1993 by the fourth part owner, who offered me the opportunity to buy the store from him in 1997 I then eventually moved the store to here. I asked john what was the first record he had ever purchased john though for a minute and said Surfin Safari by The Beach Boys when I was 9-years-old I ask john why do you think vinyl sales are going up while CD sales are falling There is nothing like vinyl It has a totally different sound than CDs or that MP3 stuff. Im sorry, but you dont listen to music on a promise and really target to appreciate it. I said to john it looks like your store buys all types of records and CDs is there any type of music you wont buy? Classical no one asks for it so I dont want it besides this is a rock and roll storeJohn what do you think about kids that have never heard a record on vinyl? They are really missing out vinyl radical has a great in-depth sound to it, he says. There is an art to what I call albums and what everybody called albums back in the day. From the cover, which is a piece of art in itself, to earreach to, and appreciating the way songs are arranged from side to side, you dont get that with any other music format. Looking around the store and seeing I was the only person in there besides jack maybe because of the weather but maybe because the store isnt doing so well I asked john what got him into the record business If you think about how much money youre going to make, thats a mistake. Youre not going to get rich doing this. What youre doing is sharing your love of music with other people, after john told me that a smile came across both of are faces.Before I had left the shop I walked around the store and picked up three records I think john would approve of the first one I got was The Rolling Stones Let It Bleed, Second album I grabbed was Surfin Safari by The Beach Boys and the third one was Frank Zappa Over-Nite Sensation. When I went up to john for the last fourth dimension he could not help but to laugh as he rang them up as he handed me the bright yellow bag he said enjoy when I had made it home the first thing I did was put on my new rolling stones record put the chevy on Monkey Man and turned my record player up to eleven.

Helicopter investigation Essay Example for Free

Helicopter investigation EssayEasily established, the sycamore head produces sycamore seeds. These seeds be of an extremely strange looking seed, I say this because the seeds when in the air they spin like tiny cleavers. Due to the spinning they are kept in the air for a longer sum of money of time. Aim In this investigation I grow been asked to find step to the fore how long it takes for a news report whirlybird to fall 2 metres. subsequently doing this I shall investigate other elbow rooms of changing the timing of its landing. I shall do this by apply a range of variables.These include of Length of wings Number of crosssI form chosen to use the variable of the number of paperclips being added to the screw of the paper meat cleaver that I shall make. I fork out chosen to change this variable because I know that gravitation is the effect of the gravitational force of attraction, which acts between all objects in the universe. For example it is widely noticed wit h massive objects like the planets. The planets remain in orbit because of gravitational force of attraction.The gravitational force, which pulls the object strike downwards, is called the weight of the object. Isaac Newton declared that there is a gravitational force of attraction between any two objects with mass, which depends on their masses, and the distance between them. I think with this information I deal easily say that by adding more and more paperclips on to the hang guts of the paper cleaver it forget gain more weight which impart cause the gravitational force to pull it downwards rather than upwards as there is a bigger mass pulling it downwards.I as well chose to use this variable instead of changing the length of the wings because I thought that it would have a much more affective difference in the timing of its landing. In this investigation in order to get the best results possible I shall be doing the experiment 5 times. This will give me a good range of re sults and a better result as I get a better view of the timing of how long it takes to land with diverse numbers of paperclips attached to the ninny of the paper eggbeater. It is always essential to make e very(prenominal) investigation of whatever type it is to make sure that it is going to be a comely test.In order to achieve this I shall only be changing one variable, which I have already established to be of the number of paperclips added to the screw of the paper helicopter. Prediction In the investigation which I shall be doing I think that I will be expecting for the paper helicopter to fall to the ground in a much quicker timing when it has 5 paperclips attached to the tail of it, than it should do when it has either none, 1,2,3,or 4 paperclips attached to the tail of the paper helicopter.I say this because from the information that I have already been supported by to take this investigation further, it also helps me with my prediction. Using Isaac Newtons law of gravita tion, I can easily say that with his theory of objects being pulled downwards by a force called weight, it helps me to explain that when I add more and more paperclips to the tail of the paper helicopter it doesnt just mean that the number of paperclips are increasing but it also means that the mass is also increasing. Causing the paper helicopter to fall downwards and not upwards. Why do I say this?I say this because an example being is Say if I were to get a balloon and fill it with Helium, due to the helium being placed inside of the balloon we already know that for some reason the balloon seems to go up into the air. This is because Helium is lighter than air causing the gravitational force to pull it upwards and not downwards as the weight is very low. Whereas if we were to place piss inside of the helium filled balloon it would be brought bet on downwards because the weight of the water forces the balloon to be brought back down again. What do I expect in the chart outcome? It is easily utter that when a line graph is wasted out to show the results of the investigation that I am about to carry out, the line should start kill near the very top of the y axis. This should be when there are no paperclips attached to the tail of the paper helicopter. Near quite the very end of the x axis should the very last point be drawn, therefore making the plotted points diminish as it goes along the x and y axis. I think that this graph prediction would go for both the average graph and the graphs for all 5 wads of results, which shall be already obtained by that time.Equipment (As shown in draw 1. 1) Paper Paper clips Stopwatch/Timer Scissors Ruler Diagram 1. 1 Method What should I be doing in order to make this investigation to the highest standard possible? In order to get good results I firstly have to start off by making the paper helicopter. In this experiment I have to look into the needs of safety, I have noticed that none would have to be carried out su ch as goggles or safety cloaks etc How do I make a paper helicopter? Firstly I am to get a piece of A4 paper. Some may choose for the A4 to be coloured but I will just leave it to be plain.In our class lesson Mr Findley (our physics teacher,) has given us an information sheet, which includes of the carcass drawing of the paper helicopter. It shows us where to have sex and fold and what measurements are involved. Diagram 1. 2 The diagram, which has been drawn above, has not been drawn to scale. Once I draw out the drawing of the paper helicopter on the A4 sheet of paper, carefully done using a ruler of course. I am to cut along and fold along the lines as described Where the dotted lines are shown this is where we are to fold along, and where the straight comforting lines have been drawn in, we are to cut along them.The cutting of course will be done with a pair of scissors. After they are cut out and folded along, some may find it better and more presentable if they are to be deco rate and colour in their paper helicopters What else is involved in this investigation? Once all of the above has been done we are to set up our equipment out. Having set out the timer, paperclips, and paper helicopter in front of me, I am to make sure that I have drawn out a results table, which I will record the timings down in. (As shown in the results table. ) I will past ask for a little help for getting the timing at the best time possible.When I went to drop/release the paper helicopter from my hands I realised that I wasnt actually in fact dropping/releasing the paper helicopter from 2 metres of crown. In fact I was dropping it from my aggrandizement with my arms being placed right above my head as high as I could manage. So I then do sure to measure how high I was releasing the paper helicopter from, I found that with the heels of my shoe and my arms being stretched up way above my head I was actually releasing the paper helicopter from a height of 2 metres and 3 centi metres.I left the measurement of the height I was releasing the paper helicopter at how it was already, because it was getting to the point where it would be getting very time consuming. When dropping the paper helicopter out of my hands I am to make sure that I drop it at the same time that my friend is to say GO, this is so that he can time it with accuracy. When the paper helicopter will land on the ground I will then yell STOP, so that he is able to forgo the timer/stopwatch at the right time in order to get the most accurate timing possible.When I get results for dropping the paper helicopter without any paperclips attached to the tail of it, 5 times, I will make sure that I have written down the timings in my results table. After doing so, I am to attach the first paperclip to the paper helicopter and then do the same thing again. (Drop the paper helicopter, time it, and write down timings in results table. ) After every 5 sets of results with the same number of paperclips at tached, I am to add another paperclip to the paperclip, which is already placed on the tail of the paper helicopter.I shall do this until I have 5 paperclips attached to the tail of the paper helicopter. How the paper clips should be placed has been shown in the diagram below. Diagram 1. 3 Results Table Number Of Paperclips 1st (Time in Seconds) 2nd (Time in Seconds) 3rd (Time in Seconds) 4th (Time in Seconds) 5th (Time in Seconds) Average (Time in Seconds) 08 As you can see, in the results tables above I have gathered all my timings into the table.Once I had placed all my timings in the table I was to work out the average of each set of timings. To do this I was to add up all of the sets of timings together and then divide it by 5 because that was the number of times I had done the experiment for each set. Here are my workings out towards how I worked out the average for each set of results. Workings out for Average(s) (Please note that / stands for the division sign)When working o ut the, I firstly got all my timings for the specific set of results, added them together and divided them by 5, I divided it by 5 because this was the number of times I had timed it falling from the air to the ground. As shown below Number of paperclips = 0 Timings 1Graphs/Conclusion I have formed out a graph to show the results of the five sets of results. Another graph is shown on the next page, except this is a graph, which shows the averages of all 5 sets of results, which I had gathered in my investigation. From looking at this graph we can easily say that the second set of results stand out the most.I have re-checked my results and have noticed that none of the outcome results really stand out greatly, as they are all in proportion. This shows me that my experiments had gone very well without making any large genuine mistakes. I think that the 2nd time I did all the results, the timing may not have been stopped at the right time or maybe not started at the right time, causing the timing to be of a much higher outcome than it should have done. There is not really much of a time difference from when there was two paperclips on the tail of the paper helicopter to when there was threesome paperclips attached to the paper helicopters tail.Looking back at the result table I can see that there is only a difference of 0. 06 seconds whereas in my other results I have found there to be at least a 0. 10 second difference. It is obviously noticeable that my prediction was to go ahead to be forwardly correct. I can say this with confidence because I had information to back up my prediction, which helped me forward, my ideas towards what should actually happen in my experiment. As said earlier in my prediction, I mentioned that the line would be decreasing down towards the x axis and away from the y axis.We can see in the graph above that this predicament was proved to be correct. From looking at this averages graph it is easily spoken of that the investigation that I have carried have has gone very well. I say this because as shown above, we can see that the average line is actually going downwards as the number of paperclips had increased on the tail of the paper helicopter. Thus showing that my prediction was right. I was able to make sure that my prediction was quite reliable with backing it up with a hypothesis, which had been concluded, from Isaac Newtons law of nature of Gravitation.With the information from this law of nature of Gravitation I was able to predict that when there is a force being put onto an object from its natural force then it is called weight as it is pulling it downwards. So when I was asked to do an experiment that was involved in placing more and more paperclips to the tail of a paper helicopter I already knew in my mind that the timing of the landing would get shorter and shorter. This was due to general knowledge but also scientific knowledge Isaac Newtons Law of Gravitation. With this scientific explanation we have been able to predict many scientific happenings.Evaluation I am glad to say that throughout the whole of this investigation I did not make any noticeable, genuine mistakes. I later went on to find out that I was standing at a height of 2 metres and 3 centimetres. This information of course was later found out after I was more than half way through the experiment, so I had to decide whether to go ahead with doing the experiment all at a drop of 2 metres and 3 centimetres or change it and have half the results at 2 metres and 3 centimetres whilst the rest of the results would be obtained from a height of an exact 2 metres.I had decided that if I were to go on to do this I would not be carrying out a fair test. Although the investigation was asked of a 2 metre drop I still thought that although I had dropped it at an extra 3 centimetres higher it was still a very fair test because I had kept drop height throughout the whole of the investigation. Whilst doing the investigation I h ad managed to do everything according to how I had written it out to have been done, although sometimes I had to be re-timed as mistakes were made as I sometimes dropped the paper helicopter without being told toAll in all I think the investigation was carried out well and was a fair test, I made sure that only one variable was changed and that the timing was done at the most accurate timing possible. In order to make it a fair test it also meant that safety was to be involved as well, as far as I was concerned not many safety measures had to be taken, I say this because as mentioned earlier no safety goggles were needed, no hair was really in need of being tied back and no safety cloaks were to be worn.The only safety we were to be notified was to tuck in our stools so that no accidents were to be caused as the investigations were being held. Looking back at my results I dont really think that there were really any results which were unexpected, there may have been the one or two t imings which may have been timed a bit earlier than they should have been but nothing which was really way out of proportion. If I were to do this experiment again I think that I will definitely make sure that I am to drop the paper helicopter at a height of 2 metres and not 2 metres and 3 centimetresI shall aim to achieve more results although I feel that I already have a reasonable amount of timings. I think that if I were to do the experiment again I would achieve a very similar set of results, as it would only be from the difference of 3 centimetres.Bibliography In order to help e forward my ideas I was in need of many sources, in which I found the quest helpful. 1) www. encarta. co. uk Law of Gravitation 2) The Usborne Illustrated Dictionary of Science. Physics, Chemistry and Biology. Written by Corrine Stockley, Chris Oxlade and Jane Werthiem. 3) School GCSE Physics book 4) Physics Lesson.

The Importance Of Ethics And Responsibility Commerce Essay

The Importance Of Ethics And Responsibility Commerce EssayEthics too known as moral is determined by the class of philosophy to addresses about morality i.e. concepts such as dangerous vs. bad, right vs. wrong and matters of justice, love, stop and virtue. The term is used to indicate how individuals or organization choose to conduct themselves in relation to universal moral behavior and actions. Ethics involve choosing actions that argon right and proper and just. The individual behavior ignore be right or wrong, proper or improper and the managerial or individual decisions can be fair or unfair.Ethics ar vital in dutyes and either aspects of living. The foundation of society is built on Ethics. Without ethical principles a concern/society is bound to be unsuccessful sooner or later. Business Ethics look at ethical philosophy, moral or ethical problems and impart with issues concerning the moral and ethical rights, duties and bodily authority between a corporation and its shareholders, prepareers, clients, media, government, provider and dealer. Ethics are connected to all discipline of organization including score information, human resource management, sales and marketing, fabrication, logical belongings information and talent, global business and financial system.Social duty can be defined as the indebtedness of the organisation to operate in ways that provides both its individual benefit like making a profit and also the benefit of its stakeholders- those populate and groups who are affected in one way or a nonher by the behavior of the organisation. For example, an industrial chemical plant has a responsibility not only towards its customers, but also towards the shareholders and the board of directors, and to those people who live in the surrounding area. This responsibility can be negative, meaning there is exemption from belt or liability, or it can be positive, meaning there is a responsibility to act beneficently. Lets take an anothe r Example, in corporate company a chief executive make expenditures on reducing pollution beyond the amount that is in the best interests of the corporation or that is required by law of nature in order to make it to the accessible objective of improving the environment. There are lot many benefits to any organisation of being social amenable. graduation exercise and foremost benefit to organization is that to ensure the customers, suppliers and the local community knows what you are doing. Publicity like this can be a key part of victimisation CSR to win contracts. People want to buy from businesses they respect. Through this way your business reputation will be growing day by day and it bring forward customers to stay with you and do business with your company.Compare and contrast the difference between ethical motive from a personal perspective to one established viewpoint of ethics from an organisational perspective.Personal perspective view of ethicsPeoples lives are bu ilt on moral foundation of personal ethics. They support in conclusion making, guides people to contribute measures that can help to meet their inner moral principles. Ethics are used by people in solving problems in everyday life story and also help for determining correct versus incorrect. Ethics are not absolute rules but they are developed during life based on honk of factors. Defining personal ethics is a difficult venture for many people as they think their inner voice is all the ethical pleader they require. Perception plays a great role in what one finds ethical. By organisation view, ethics plays a vital role that defines the way of representation, way of talking, form language, attitude etc. The lack of personal ethics gives a negative response in managerial processes. For example, if a company is launching the product with assay taking, then the manager should be fully ensured with correct way of personal ethics, as the product may be failed to attract customer if ma rketing manager lacks in personal ethics. So, it is clear that personal ethics makes a man to take a right managerial decision.A standard way of sympathy ethical decision-making is to understand the philosophical basis for making these decisions. People and organizations need each other. The written and unwritten codes of principles and morals that administer decisions and actions inside a business are known as Business Ethics. In the Corporate world, the organizations traditional sets principles for determining the differentiation involving excellent and dreadful judgment making and manners.Discuss quadruplet benefits and four disadvantages of social responsibility to an organisation.Benefits of social responsibilityProviding good value for moneyIf the management and workers of the organization are well social responsible for subjective and external environment of the organization then it would result in best productivity and obviously the good image of the organization. The bigg est power of the any organization among all resources is the human resource thats why if human resource is so well behaved with good ethical ways the value of any organization will be good enough.Broadening the futuristic concept of businessIf the organization is giving best output to the public demand satisfying their needs with latest trends and technology, it representation that the business of the organization is good and as public response is excellent the organization would have better future aspects. This all happen due to the organizations social responsibility towards their employees and environment factors. Also workers stay longer if the business has high-quality status.For example, MC Donalds is giving best variety of food in hygienically manner, where all the intuition of individual match such as price, food quality, taste etc. Their business is so good that we can find its outlet anywhere in the world. MC Donalds is popular because they are socially responsible to th e environment and for their work.Good relationships with local authorities help doing business easier.Disadvantages of social responsibility towards organisationEverything has somewhat prons and crons, similar to social responsibility where so many people argued on the benefits and disadvantages of social responsibility. First the most important is that the organization is running for profit maximisation mostly, the social responsibility shows the fundamental misconception of the character and nature of a free economy. Business functions are moreover economic rather than social if come to the operable way and it is judged by economic criteria alone. This point of view comes to the employees mind most of the time leading to not to concentrate much in their work which mechanically results in bad productivity.The role of corporation is to make a profit and maximize social welfare through the efficiency of the employees. In some cases where employees are not much social responsible fo r the organization than it would be very difficult for the managers or corporation to do the best out of the work and lead the group, resulting in bad image of the organization and bad internal environmentThere is the concern for the efficient use of national resources, because of social costs advantageousness is not necessarily the best measure of effectiveness which affects the organization goal.Lack of interest of the employees towards social responsible in their business also not good for the organizationCompetency sometimes makes the stake holders to go beyond the limit for castting their social responsibility that harm the nature and organization too. Being socially responsible costs organisations money, and sometimes the bill is huge. Therefore the organization think to do for profit maximizing rather than be social responsible.Discuss social responsibility barriers that inhibit an organisationBarriers that inhabit an organizationSocial responsibility has certain costs. Its not the natural thing to be responsible. Greed and selfishness work against social responsibility. When rapacity and selfishness become higher values, social responsibility goes out the window. One of the problems with our culture is that we worship wealth. People who have a lot of money are heroes to us and we strive to emulate them. We see wealth and power as an indicator of merit and virtue. But people who are rich and want to be richer, and corporate and industrial leaders whose jobs are to put the prosperity of their companies at the top of their priorities, often trivialize social responsibility, and this sets the tone for the whole culture. In social responsibility every individual in the organisation is not social responsible towards the work, it depends upon the people behaviour and motivation level within the organisation. Today every people think about wealth rather than social responsibility that they possess towards the organisation. This is the barrier in the organisat ion.For e.g.- in an organisation if certain facility is lacking for the cater then round will suffer and this management must be think which in reality they dont. This lacking of facility may affect the work out going on within the organisation.Flow of information in the organisation should be well enough to avoid any conflicts between the staff but it arises due to the problems that every employee are not social responsible. A vendor to the company first think towards the money he/she will get from doing particular kind of work.

Impact Of Cultural Revolution On Fashion Designers Cultural Studies Essay

Impact Of pagan alteration On Fashion Designers Cultural Studies canvasTo what extent did the Cultural Revolution impact creationers Vivienne tammy and Han Feng and how did it affect their work?BackgroundIn 1949, after several decades of foreign aggression and civil war, the Communists took throw of China and monoamine oxidase ZeDong assumed ability in the country. At the ceremony in Tiananmen that proclaimed the founding of the Peoples Republic of China, he began his long term of world force-out wearing what was to become know in the West as the monoamine oxidase suit. This was symbolic in signaling the inauguration of not more(prenominal)over a affable but also s inventionorial revolution.The years take overing the establishment of the PRC were a time of consolidation, reconstruction and reform. The communists believed in the power of mass movements, seen as a necessity to maintain revolutionary spirit and these took place frequently, veritable(a)tually culminating in the ferment of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution. During the 10 years from 1966 to 1976, the Communist caller attempted to politicize every facet of life and anything that might be regarded as bourgeois or counter-revolutionary was severely repressed. The loss base hits, essentially the shock multitude of the Cultural Revolution, were instructed to attack components of old China old customs, old habits, old culture and old thinking.Clothes were highly visible in all quartette categories and, inevitably, fashion was highly liable to attack. Contemporary fashion was attacked as foreign and traditional clothing as feudal and in general a rival with personal appearance was interpreted as an expression of bourgeois tendencies and extreme individualism. Indeed, one of many accounts describes the humiliation of a young woman seized by the Red Guards who forcibly removed her fashionable tro pulmonary tuberculosisrs and shoes in front of a jeering crowd and illustrates the sar torial terrorism which was common by dint ofout China during the Cultural Revolution.It was therefore tacitly under(a)stood that dressing in a simple proletarian way was the appropriate order of the day. The government encouraged people to deal the attire of the workers, peasants and soldiers who were regarded as the ultimate benefactors of the socialist state. The uniform of the Peoples Liberation Army was of green cotton cloth, civilian cadres wore a grey administrative uniform and workers and peasants were turn in dark gamey tunics and tro officers. What therefore resolutenessed from the mass adoption of the new socially acceptable attire was a spectacle of blue, green and grey.A spectacle that both Vivienne tam and Han Feng vividly remember.IntroductionBoth Vivienne tammy and Han Feng were born at the height of communist power in China and albeit in opposite ways, they both lived through and were influenced by the Cultural Revolution. Their individual experiences shaped their statuss towards fashion and they are now prominent designers, recognized wordwide as well as in China.Description of Han Feng and Vivienne TamHow their lives are differentVivienne does not live in China during the Revolution Han Feng doesVivienne brings Mao cult, imagery, symbolism Han Feng opposes it completelyVivienne escapes to HongKong, remains in Chinese spectrum Han Feng leaves to US (abandons root word country completely paralleled in the abandonment of everything Communist China represented.In commonTheatrical and artistic approach, not only fashion approachVivienne TamVivienne Tam was born in Guangzhou in 1957. Her father was a landlord and as the PRC was striving to eliminate private ownership, landlords were accused of exploiting people for their own lucre and were thus targeted for being insufficiently devoted to state directed socialism. Tams family found themselves in a vulnerable position and as she recalls It was a really thorny time. They therefore fled to the Hong Kong, escaping the threatening Communist doctrine. Tam was left behind with her grandparents until she was three years old when she was finally able to join them helped by a jibe who told authorities she was their daughter.While living in Hong Kong she was able to maintain a Chinese lifestyle while being open to the rest of the world. Hong Kong was a easy British colony and trade center and while she continued to speak Chinese at home and followed Buddhist religious rituals she attended a papistical catholic school and began to learn English in earnest. It was this opportunity of having a bi-cultural upbringing and a hybrid way of life which not only fuel her fascination for the East meets West nuance but also taught her to be more open and accept other people and other cultures. Meanwhile, mainland China under the Cultural Revolution was not only shutting out Western culture but also Chinese culture itself, deeming it bourgeois and anti-communist.Much that was anomi c to the revolution in China continued to grow and develop in Hong Kong and this offered Tam a liberty of inspiration. As a fashion design bookman of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, she was able to absorb the Western influence present in Hong Kong and at the same time freely investigate her Chinese cultural and sartorial heritage, an exploration which meanwhile was strictly forbidden to students in mainland China. As students in China lived under extreme repression, Tam experienced the Cultural Revolution as an observer, acknowledging the hardships but not being straight affected by them. This freedom from repression shaped her approach to seeking inspiration from the Cultural Revolution.Indeed, when she returned to visit China in the late 70s to early 80s, she experienced China al roughly as a tourist would. She was fascinated rather than dismayed by the blur of green and blue that surrounded her and was intrigued with Mao fashion- or anti-fashion- of putting everyone in a uniform and trying to make them equal- an attempt to cover up very real differences. She even admired the loose but tailored cut of the Mao suit and its unisex appeal it highlighted the communist principle that men and women were equal and offered women freedom in physical movement. She noticed that this element of practicality had replaced fashion window displays were filled with practical things instead of fashion, and she therefore ventured into the arts and crafts and home and furnishing sections of stores where she found inspiration and sources for her materials in such(prenominal) textiles as bedroom linens, bedspreads and towels.However, what struck her most from her experience visiting China and ultimately inspired her to create her most controversial collection was the remarkable power of Maos image. During the Cultural Revolution, portraits of Mao were ubiquitous they hung in every living room, class room and office and Chinese people all owned Mao badges, mirrors, weaving s and needlepoint embroidery works and fostered what became a cult of personality that did not immediately end with his death. People valued these items as good luck charms and Mao was effectively venerated comparable a God, complete with a halo. Tam was absorbed by all these style elements left from the Mao cult and collected such vintage items as inspiration.In 1994, Tam was introduced to artist Zhang Hongtu, the first artist to use Maos image in his work. She was inspired by his background and the concepts behind his work and collaborated with him to create her Mao Collection for Spring 1995.It is interesting to note their individual approaches to the project. Zhang Hongtu was born in Gansu province, attended highschool in Beijing during the sixties and later trained at the Central Academy of Arts and Crafts. He left to New York in the early 80s and, having experienced the intensity of Communist indoctrination and the overwhelming power of Maos image, began painting Mao in only a lightly humourous way, separating the image from its political undertone. It was only after the 1989 Tiananmen events that, albeit having to overcome initial strong feelings of guilt, he decided to exploit Maos image as mental therapy and as a way of expressing his own political feelings. It was an ironic reversal of the way he, as an artist, had been employ to create propaganda art for the government.Tam sensed this political resonance in his work but instead chose to focus on its humouros element, aiming to loosen it up by amalgamating it with fashion. While Zhang Hongtu was directly responding to a need to get away from the shadow of Maos repression, escaping the authority of his image and being able to express himself politically, Tam saw the power of image and exploited it humorously as a representation of the new openness of China, use humour and warmth as a way to express the growing freedom of the Chinese people from Maos image. This highlights her inherent detachment t o the emotional hardship behind the Cultural Revolution that artists who grew up under its repression feel.Tam, perhaps as a result of this detachment and thus not quite grasping the extent of the power that still lay behind Maos image, was even surprised by the strong chemical reaction that the collection provoked. The collection comprised of 8 images of Mao 6 of which included Mao So Young- with pigtails, a peterpan collar and gingham dress, Ow Mao- cross eyed with a bee perched on his human face against a downcast and yellow striped background, Holy Mao- with a clerical collar, Psycho Mao- with dark hypnotic glasses, Miss Mao- with lipstick and Nice Day Mao- as a smiley face. She printed four coloured images in a checkboard pattern, reflecting Maos changeable character and, in some other design, expressed his positive and negative effects, printing the images in dispirited and white. She also printed the images on jerseys, deepening the texture with patterns and sequins to m ake the designs alive with movement and light.The striking juxtaposition of colours and textures with Maos political imagery and the resulting strongly humorous element in the designs was highly controversial, some responding to it as almost blasphemous while others deemed it tasteless. The images were compared to Warhols depiction of Mao, but, while Warhol had used the image of Mao as merely other mass icon exchangeable Marilyn Monroe, Tam and Hongtu had exploited it as a political figure which thus prompted the reaction If Mao was a dictator like Hitler or Stalin, how can it be okay to use his image as pop art? Isnt it tasteless to make fun of the suffering they caused?Tam and Hongtu contended that it was a form of critisicm to the continuing use of Maos ideology, image and flag in China and a way to further undermine the authority of Maos image any use of Maos image which makes him less godlike, is a form of criticism. And its necessary. Yet Tam admitted that she had no idea th ere would be a strong reaction to the designs and it was observing the attitude towards the collection that enabled her to gain a lot of insight into Mao and his power.Han FengHan Feng was born in Nan Jing in 1962. I grew up during the Cultural Revolution and it was problematic she explains and when she was 1 year old, authorities sent her father to another city and her parents were forced to separate. Her father hung himself and later another man she was close to also commited felo-de-se during the Cultural Revolution.She grew up in HangZhou, Chinas artistic center, and, pursuing her childhood flair for creativity, she attended the China Academy of Fine Arts, training in graphic design as there were no fashion design programs. I started out painting how my teachers cherished me to she recalls, but then I became this crazy person who precious to be different. It was no doubt having to endure the imposed Maoist dress code and how it stifled non-conformity which fueled Hans determi nation to distinguish herself I got a T-shirt and jeans and grew my hair long so I would stand out and she gained a reputation in the academy as being a bit of a blacksheep due to her desire for experimentation and refusal to merely copy what had been done before I wanted to learn, not copy. My teachers didnt understand that.Communist indoctrination was such that expanding creative horizons was nigh impossible. She was one of many who wished to escape the stifling repression of the tight grip maintained by the Communist Party on creative expression We all wanted to leave China in the 1980s because there was too much pain. She met her husband who was an English teacher of the art academy, and, seeking freedom and a large stage for her interests, she moved to New York with him in 1985.Leaving China was symbolic in asserting the approach she would take towards designing abroad I thought, God, the Chinese-who cares? I am from China. I want to forget where Im coming, forget my past. I ts just too painful to remember. The pain and struggle that characterized Hans experience of the Cultural Revolution not only determined her to leave China, but also inspired her to create designs that (whether intentionally or subconsciously) completely opposed all the elements of Maoist style, perhaps as a personal provocation and rebellion against everything it had tried to impose.When I left China she explains, everyone was wearing exactly the same thing. And it was grey. It is no coincidence that her designs are now wide recognized for their rich and innovative use of colour and that she is credited one of the most brilliant colorists in the New York fashion world. After having been limited to blue, black and red dyes which were the only ones available in dyeing shops in China during the Cultural Revolution (Antonia Finanne, 237), Han now embraces the freedom of using vibrant colours I love designing with pure, bright colors because I didnt experience them as a child she says. Red is particularly prominent in her pallet, varying in geranium to cerise shades, as are green and blue shades of chartreuse and lime to lapis and turquoise. Her collections combine colors in subtle ways highlighted in items motley burgundy with fuschia or pairing the different shades of green or blue, often placing paler colours alongside more intense ones for artistic effect.In addition to her use of colours, Han Feng is also known for her creative treatment of fabrics and her designs are equally characterized by their materials. Escaping the drab conformity imposed by Communist Doctrine, Han Feng reversed the changes that the Cultural Revolution had forced upon the use of fabrics in China. Chinese people had been obliged to abandon traditional Chinese fabrics such as silk and satin which, according to the Doctrine, carried a strong feudal connotation, and were required to adopt revolutionary cotton or patriotic wool.(Hua Mei, 98) Instead, Han Feng abandoned the bland cotton and crude wool that characterized Maoist style and zealously explored the domain of fabrics and materials that was newly available to her. Perhaps as a result of growing up in Hang Zhou, a city which had been reputed for its silk trade, she developed a deplore appreciation for silk, wistfully reviving it as the fabric of her heritage.This passionate exploration and revival of fabrics and materials is clearly expressed in her collections. She works with a diverse pasture of materials including silk (occasionally blended with wool), organza, velvet, satin, stretch chiffon and fine polyester. These light, pliant and diaphanous fabrics which characterize her collections indisputablely contrast with the coarse thickness of the cotton and crude wool which she had no pickax but to wear when living in China.Yet her endeavor went further then just exploring fabrics. What sparked her interest were the ways in which she could treat and manipulate the fabrics creating different textures and s tyles, once again delving into a creative realm which had been restricted during the Cultural Revolution. The uniformity of the Mao suit was constrained to straight ironed cotton, occasionally blow up or patched, and did not allow for ruffles or any such touches of originality. It was shapeless, specify only by the square, linear attribute of the typical uniform.The description of Hans collection of 1993 in the New York times, best signaled her approach to investigating materials She pleats fabrics into gnat-sized accordions the tiny folds in the fabrics founder drama to even the plainest polyester georgette. Her chiffon A-line dresses were cut in spirals, like orange peels. Velvet was fold up and pleated to make a simple tank dress fit for the wedding of a barefoot contessa. Indeed, the transformation she underwent as she explored and discovered new ways of using materials is clear in the development of her designs, in particular that of her signature scarves. While she had ini tially launched her career in selling pleated scarves, her collection of scarves are now paisley, plaid, fringed, crinkled, embroidered and featuring fluorescent woven ribbon inserts techniques that she then applied to other clothing designs. Her Spring/Summer 2001 collection highlighted her accordion-pleated skirts and crinkled silk blouses printed with impressionistic floral patterns.Han also styles fabrics in a distinctly original way, rejecting conventional tailoring and, perhaps paralleling her appreciation of the enveloping quality of scarves, she focuses on creating clothes which wrap and veil, assembling the garment as a light sculpture on the body. This quality has been admired and her clothing has been described to wrap the body as the clouds enclose a mountain. Her collections have often been defined by the way she drapes soft jerseys and chiffons and folds back the fabric as well as by the untailored loose panels of fabric floating from the backs of dresses, uneven hems and asymmetric cuts.What emerges as a result of the blending of diaphanous fabrics, textures and colours, untailored and wrapped around the body is a light, weightless and dreamily feminine appeal. This quality is perhaps what most seemingly contradicts Maoist uniform and its fundamental principle of de-feminizing women. While the squarely tailored Mao suit was specifically designed and imposed on women to conceal their curves and congenital movements, Han strives to create clothes which accommodate and embrace them. She maintains that women should enjoy their bodies more and not try to hide themthe body is beautiful. She thus takes pleasure inplaying with shape and making women look more feminine in a subtle way. Her 1995 fall collection, for instance, was based on curves curved seams that bring the jackets close to the body, curved collars that frame the neck, curved backs that give a cocoon-like shape to pleated silk evening jackets or velvet coats.Emphasizing the reassertion of feminity in her style, she complements her outfits with accessories including scarves, gloves and hair ornaments. While accessories during the Cultural Revolution were limited to Red Guard armbands, army caps, Mao badges and his little red book, Hans collections feature trimmed iridescent shawls with gilded tassels, black wool gloves weaved with rows of pink bows and polytail holders linked with velvet buttons. She even makes this flex literal in her 1999 collection one item is a high-collared Chairman Mao jacket accented with a chinchilla scarf, a subtly controversial pairing of the strict suit with the elegant touch.With the revival of feminine allure comes the emotional feeling of her clothes. Although her designs remain simple and practical, their unparalled inventiveness and originality hold a propose of haiku-like poetry, highlighting her romantic vision. In fact her fall/winter 1998 collection was inspired by the story of a love affair between a fabric trader and a young woman along the silk road to China. No doubt she was enthused by the controversial appeal of the story, exploring its romanticism and creating a more emotional collection emotion being an element which was wholly non-existent in the cold, military allure of the Mao suit. She later skillfully accentuated the emotional and dramatic reflexion of her designs to the height of theatrical flair, leading to her debut as a costume designer and ultimately her success in designing costumes for director Anthony Minghellas English topic Opera production of Madame Butterfly.1980s onwardsMao Zedongs death in 1976 brought an end to the Cultural Revolution. Later that year, the downfall of the Gang of Four, including Maos widow Jiang Qing who had implemented the most extreme policies, led to a slow loosening of laws related to dress and social constraints. In 1984, under Deng Xiaopings leadership and the open door policy of reform, certain cities were designated open as part of a new strategy inv iting foreign investment. In October 21, 1984, Hu Yaobang, the General Secretary of the Communist Party, appeared on television at a meeting of the Central Committee wearing a dark-blue western style suit. Although his move was possible because of the more relaxed atmosphere following the ascendancy to power of Deng Xiaoping, he was still making a bold sartorial statement.While both Vivienne Tam and Han Feng were able to escape the confines of Communist indoctrination and establish themselves as designers in New York, they left a China that was struggling to reassert itself within the international political stage and the global economy. This struggle was (and still is) reflected in the clumsy approach people began to take to new fashions and Western styles entering China Tam herself commented that their style was moulding bad taste and hip because they were borderline Cultural Revolution and Western modernity.Unavoidably the new danger to Chinas sartorial identity is the influx of Western brands which are threatening to create yet another type conformity and as Tam rightly observes American influence is diluting the distinctive flavor of Chinas fashion industry.Both Tam and Han Feng are now thought-provoking the dominance of mass produced Western brands in China. Having experienced the Cultural Revolution, they do not want to see the uniformity of the Mao era simply sunder into a new Western uniformity. What they therefore want to highlight is the importance of maintaining imagination and individualityEverything we do should express feelings and experiences. We should create not just follow fashion. Each fashion designer should have his or her signature style.While acknowledging the need for recovering individuality in China, they are both optimistic in Chinas potential it is growing, fashion here will soon have its own personality We had great fashion for thousands of years, then no fashion at all. direct we are finding our contemporary design voice.